Overview
Rx Only DESCRIPTION Tropicamide Ophthalmic Solution, USP is an anticholinergic prepared as a sterile topical ophthalmic solution in two strengths. The active ingredient is represented by the chemical structure: Established name: Tropicamide ophthalmic solution Chemical name: Benzeneacetamide, N -ethyl-α-(hydroxymethyl)- N -(4-pyridinylmethyl)-. Each mL contains: Active: tropicamide 1%.
Mechanism of Action
CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY This anticholinergic preparation blocks the responses of the sphincter muscle of the iris and the ciliary muscle to cholinergic stimulation, dilating the pupil (mydriasis). The stronger preparation (1%) also paralyzes accommodation. This preparation acts in 15-30 minutes, and the duration of activity is approximately 3-8 hours. Complete recovery from mydriasis in some individuals may require 24 hours. The weaker strength may be useful in producing mydriasis with only slight cycloplegia. Heavily pigmented irides may require more doses than lightly pigmented irides.
Indications
- INDICATIONS AND USAGE For mydriasis and cycloplegia for diagnostic procedures.
Common Doses
- Refer to label
Dosage
DOSAGE AND ADMINISTRATION For refraction, instill one or two drops of 1% solution in the eye(s), repeated in five minutes. If patient is not seen within 20 to 30 minutes, an additional drop may be instilled to prolong mydriatic effect. For examination of fundus, instill one or two drops of 0.5% solution 15 or 20 minutes prior to examination. Individuals with heavily pigmented irides may require higher strength or more doses. Mydriasis will reverse spontaneously with time, typically in 4 to 8 hours. However, in some cases, complete recovery may take up to 24 hours.
Contraindications
- CONTRAINDICATIONS Contraindicated in persons showing hypersensitivity to any component of this preparation.
Side Effects
- ADVERSE REACTIONS Ocular: Transient stinging, blurred vision, photophobia and superficial punctate keratitis have been reported with the use of tropicamide. Increased intraocular pressure has been reported following the use of mydriatics. Non-Ocular: Dryness of the mouth, tachycardia, headache, allergic reactions, nausea, vomiting, pallor, central nervous system disturbances and muscle rigidity have been reported with the use of tropicamide.
Interactions
- No major interactions listed on the FDA label. Always consult a healthcare professional.