Overview
11 DESCRIPTION Romidepsin, a histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitor, is a bicyclic depsipeptide. At room temperature, romidepsin is a white powder and is described chemically as (1 S ,4 S ,7 Z ,10 S ,16 E ,21 R )-7-ethylidene-4,21-bis(1-methylethyl)-2-oxa-12,13-dithia-5,8,20,23-tetraazabicyclo[8.7.6]tricos-16-ene-3,6,9,19,22-pentone. The empirical formula is C 24 H 36 N 4 O 6 S 2 .
Mechanism of Action
12 CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY 12.1 Mechanism of Action Romidepsin is a histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitor. HDACs catalyze the removal of acetyl groups from acetylated lysine residues in histones, resulting in the modulation of gene expression. HDACs also deacetylate non-histone proteins, such as transcription factors. In vitro, romidepsin causes the accumulation of acetylated histones, and induces cell cycle arrest and apoptosis of some cancer cell lines with IC 50 values in the nanomolar range. The mechanism of the antineoplastic effect of romidepsin observed in nonclinical and clinical studies has not been fully characterized. 12.2 Pharmacodynamics Cardiac Electrophysiology At doses of 14 mg/m 2 as a 4-hour intravenous infusion, and at doses of 8 (0.57 times the recommended dose), 10 (0.
Indications
- 1 INDICATIONS AND USAGE ISTODAX is indicated for the treatment of cutaneous T-cell lymphoma (CTCL) in adult patients who have received at least one prior systemic therapy. ISTODAX is a histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitor indicated for the treatment of cutaneous T-cell lymphoma (CTCL) in adult patients who have received at least one prior systemic therapy ( 1 ).
Common Doses
- 14 mg
- 10 mg
- 7 mg
- 5 mg
Dosage
2 DOSAGE AND ADMINISTRATION • 14 mg/m 2 administered intravenously over a 4-hour period on days 1, 8, and 15 of a 28-day cycle. Repeat cycles every 28 days provided that the patient continues to benefit from and tolerates the drug ( 2.1 ). • Discontinue or interrupt treatment (with or without dose reduction to 10 mg/m 2 ) to manage drug toxicity ( 2.2 ). • Reduce starting dose in patients with moderate and severe hepatic impairment ( 2.3 ). 2.
Contraindications
- 4 CONTRAINDICATIONS None. None ( 4 ).
Side Effects
- 6 ADVERSE REACTIONS The following adverse reactions are described in more detail in other sections of the prescribing information. • Myelosuppression [see Warnings and Precautions (5.1) ] • Infections [see Warnings and Precautions (5.2) ] • Electrocardiographic Changes [see Warnings and Precautions (5.3) ] • Tumor Lysis Syndrome [see Warnings and Precautions (5.4) ] The most common adverse reactions (≥30%), excluding laboratory abnormalities, are nausea, fatigue, infections, vomiting, anorexia, electrocardiogram ST-T wave changes, dysgeusia, constipation and pruritis.
Interactions
- 7 DRUG INTERACTIONS • Carefully monitor prothrombin time (PT) and International Normalized Ratio (INR) in patients concurrently administered ISTODAX and warfarin or coumarin derivatives ( 7.1 ). • Monitor for toxicities related to increased romidepsin exposure when co-administering romidepsin with strong CYP3A4 inhibitors ( 7.2 ). • Avoid use with rifampin and strong CYP3A4 inducers ( 7.3 ). 7.1 Warfarin or Coumarin Derivatives Prolongation of PT and elevation of INR were observed in a patient receiving ISTODAX concomitantly with warfarin.