Overview
DESCRIPTION Pyridoxine Hydrochloride Injection, USP is a sterile solution of pyridoxine hydrochloride in Water for Injection. Each mL contains 100 mg pyridoxine hydrochloride and 0.5% chlorobutanol anhydrous (chloral deriv.). pH adjusted with sodium hydroxide if necessary (2.0 to 3.8). Pyridoxine hydrochloride is a colorless or white crystal or a white crystalline powder.
Mechanism of Action
CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY Natural substances that have vitamin B6 activity are pyridoxine in plants and pyridoxal or pyridoxamine in animals. All 3 are converted to pyridoxal phosphate by the enzyme pyridoxal kinase. The physiologically active forms of vitamin B6 are pyridoxal phosphate (codecarboxylase) and pyridoxamine phosphate. Riboflavin is required for the conversion of pyridoxine phosphate to pyridoxal phosphate. Vitamin B6 acts as a coenzyme in the metabolism of protein, carbohydrate, and fat. In protein metabolism, it participates in the decarboxylation of amino acids, conversion of tryptophan to niacin or to serotonin (5-hydroxtryptamine), deamination, and transamination and transulfuration of amino acids.
Indications
- INDICATIONS & USAGE Pyridoxine Hydrochloride Injection is effective for the treatment of pyridoxine deficiency as seen in the following: Inadequate dietary intake. Drug-induced deficiency, as from isoniazid (INH) or oral contraceptives. Inborn errors of metabolism, e.g., vitamin B6 dependent convulsions or vitamin B6 responsive anemia. The parenteral route is indicated when oral administration is not feasible as in anorexia, nausea and vomiting, and preoperative and postoperative conditions. It is also indicated when gastrointestinal absorption is impaired.
Common Doses
- 20 mg
- 5 mg
- 600 mg
- 30 mg
Dosage
DOSAGE & ADMINISTRATION Pyridoxine Hydrochloride Injection may be administered intramuscularly or intravenously. In cases of dietary deficiency, the dosage is 10 to 20 mg daily for 3 weeks. Follow-up treatment is recommended daily for several weeks with an oral therapeutic multivitamin preparation containing 2 to 5 mg pyridoxine. Poor dietary habits should be corrected, and an adequate, well balanced diet should be prescribed. The vitamin B6 dependency syndrome may require a therapeutic dosage of as much as 600 mg a day and a daily intake of 30 mg for life.
Contraindications
- CONTRAINDICATIONS A history of sensitivity to pyridoxine or to any of the ingredients in Pyridoxine Hydrochloride Injection, USP is a contraindication.
Side Effects
- ADVERSE REACTIONS Paresthesia, somnolence, and low serum folic acid levels have been reported.
Interactions
- No major interactions listed on the FDA label. Always consult a healthcare professional.