Overview
Mometasone furoate is a synthetic corticosteroid with potent anti-inflammatory properties used primarily for asthma and allergic rhinitis management. It works by reducing inflammation and immune responses in the airways and nasal passages. This medication is available in various formulations including nasal sprays, inhalers, and topical preparations.
Mechanism of Action
Mometasone furoate is a glucocorticoid receptor agonist that binds to intracellular glucocorticoid receptors, leading to inhibition of inflammatory cytokine production, decreased inflammatory cell migration and activation, and reduced airway hyperresponsiveness. It has potent anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive effects.
Indications
- Maintenance treatment of asthma as prophylactic therapy
- Allergic rhinitis (seasonal and perennial)
- Atopic dermatitis and other inflammatory skin conditions
- Nasal polyps
Common Doses
- Nasal spray: 50 mcg/spray
- Inhalation: 100 mcg/inhalation, 200 mcg/inhalation
- Topical: 0.1% cream/ointment/lotion
Dosage
For asthma: Typically 1-2 inhalations twice daily via metered-dose inhaler. For allergic rhinitis: Usually 2 sprays per nostril once daily. Dosage should be individualized based on disease severity and patient response, with the lowest effective dose used for maintenance.
Contraindications
- Hypersensitivity to mometasone furoate or any component of the formulation
- Primary treatment of status asthmaticus or other acute asthma episodes
- Untreated fungal, bacterial, or viral infections at treatment site
Side Effects
- Nasal irritation, burning, or dryness (with nasal formulations)
- Headache
- Pharyngitis
- Upper respiratory tract infection
- Oral candidiasis (thrush)
- Cough
- Hoarseness
- Adrenal suppression with long-term use
- Growth retardation in children
- Osteoporosis with prolonged systemic exposure
Interactions
- No clinically significant drug interactions identified in clinical trials
- Concurrent use with other corticosteroids may increase risk of systemic effects
- Strong CYP3A4 inhibitors may potentially increase systemic exposure
Counseling Points
- Rinse mouth after inhalation to prevent oral thrush
- Use regularly for optimal effect, not for acute symptom relief
- Do not stop abruptly if using long-term; taper under medical supervision
- Report signs of infection, vision changes, or inadequate symptom control
- Demonstrate proper inhaler technique for optimal delivery