Overview
Lornoxicam is a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) of the oxicam class used for its analgesic, anti-inflammatory, and antipyretic properties. It is commonly prescribed for the management of acute and chronic pain conditions, particularly in musculoskeletal and inflammatory disorders.
Mechanism of Action
Lornoxicam inhibits cyclooxygenase (COX) enzymes, particularly COX-1 and COX-2, which are involved in the synthesis of prostaglandins. By reducing prostaglandin production, it decreases inflammation, pain, and fever. It has a balanced inhibition of both COX isoforms with a relatively short half-life compared to other oxicams.
Indications
- Acute pain management
- Osteoarthritis
- Rheumatoid arthritis
- Postoperative pain
- Musculoskeletal disorders
- Dysmenorrhea
Dosage
Typical adult dosage is 8 mg twice daily, which may be increased to 16 mg daily in divided doses for severe pain. Maximum recommended daily dose is 16 mg. Should be taken with food to minimize gastrointestinal irritation. Dosage adjustments may be necessary for elderly patients or those with renal/hepatic impairment.
Contraindications
- Hypersensitivity to lornoxicam or other NSAIDs
- Active gastrointestinal bleeding or ulceration
- Severe heart failure
- Severe renal impairment
- Third trimester of pregnancy
- History of asthma, urticaria, or allergic reactions after taking NSAIDs
- Concomitant use with other NSAIDs including COX-2 inhibitors
Side Effects
- Gastrointestinal: nausea, dyspepsia, abdominal pain, diarrhea, constipation
- Central nervous system: headache, dizziness, somnolence
- Dermatological: rash, pruritus
- Renal: edema, increased serum creatinine
- Hematological: anemia, prolonged bleeding time
- Hepatic: elevated liver enzymes
- Cardiovascular: hypertension, palpitations
Interactions
- Anticoagulants (warfarin): increased bleeding risk
- Antiplatelet agents: additive bleeding effects
- ACE inhibitors/ARBs: reduced antihypertensive effect
- Diuretics: reduced diuretic efficacy
- Lithium: increased lithium levels
- Methotrexate: increased methotrexate toxicity
- Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors: increased bleeding risk
- Corticosteroids: increased gastrointestinal risk