Overview
DESCRIPTION Glyburide tablets, USP contain a smaller particle size glyburide, which is an oral blood-glucose-lowering drug of the sulfonylurea class. Glyburide is a white, crystalline compound, formulated as glyburide tablets, USP of 1.25, 2.5, and 5 mg strengths for oral administration. Inactive ingredients: lactose monohydrate, microcrystalline cellulose, magnesium stearate. In addition, the 2.
Mechanism of Action
CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY Actions Glyburide appears to lower the blood glucose acutely by stimulating the release of insulin from the pancreas, an effect dependent upon functioning beta cells in the pancreatic islets. The mechanism by which glyburide lowers blood glucose during long-term administration has not been clearly established. With chronic administration in Type II diabetic patients, the blood glucose lowering effect persists despite a gradual decline in the insulin secretory response to the drug. Extrapancreatic effects may be involved in the mechanism of action of oral sulfonylurea hypoglycemic drugs. The combination of glyburide and metformin may have a synergistic effect, since both agents act to improve glucose tolerance by different but complementary mechanisms.
Indications
- INDICATIONS AND USAGE Glyburide tablets, USP is indicated as an adjunct to diet and exercise to improve glycemic control in adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
Common Doses
- 5 mg
- 1.25 mg
- 20 mg
- 2.5 mg
Dosage
DOSAGE AND ADMINISTRATION Patients should be retitrated when transferred from glyburide tablets or other oral hypoglycemic agents. There is no fixed dosage regimen for the management of diabetes mellitus with glyburide tablets. In addition to the usual monitoring of urinary glucose, the patient's blood glucose must also be monitored periodically to determine the minimum effective dose for the patient; to detect primary failure, ie , inadequate lowering of blood glucose at the maximum recommended dose of medication; and to detect secondary failure, ie , loss of adequate blood glucose lowering...
Contraindications
- CONTRAINDICATIONS Glyburide tablets are contraindicated in patients with: Known hypersensitivity or allergy to the drug. Diabetic ketoacidosis, with or without coma. This condition should be treated with insulin. Type I diabetes mellitus. Concomitant administration of bosentan. SPECIAL WARNING ON INCREASED RISK OF CARDIOVASCULAR MORTALITY The administration of oral hypoglycemic drugs has been reported to be associated with increased cardiovascular mortality as compared to treatment with diet alone or diet plus insulin.
Side Effects
- ADVERSE REACTIONS Hypoglycemia: See Precautions and Overdosage Sections. Gastrointestinal Reactions: Cholestatic jaundice and hepatitis may occur rarely which may progress to liver failure; glyburide tablets should be discontinued if this occurs. Liver function abnormalities, including isolated transaminase elevations, have been reported. Gastrointestinal disturbances, eg , nausea, epigastric fullness, and heartburn are the most common reactions, having occurred in 1.8% of treated patients during clinical trials. They tend to be dose related and may disappear when dosage is reduced.
Interactions
- No major interactions listed on the FDA label. Always consult a healthcare professional.