Overview
11 DESCRIPTION Eltrombopag tablets contain eltrombopag olamine, a small molecule thrombopoietin (TPO) receptor agonist for oral administration. Eltrombopag olamine is a biphenyl hydrazone. The chemical name for eltrombopag olamine is 3'-{(2Z)-2-[1-(3,4-dimethylphenyl)-3-methyl-5-oxo-1,5-dihydro-4H-pyrazol-4-ylidene]hydrazino}-2'-hydroxy-3-biphenylcarboxylic acid-2-aminoethanol (1:2).
Mechanism of Action
12 CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY 12.1 Mechanism of Action Eltrombopag is a TPO-receptor agonist that interacts with the transmembrane domain of the human TPO-receptor (also known as cMpl) and initiates signaling cascades that induce proliferation and differentiation of megakaryocytes leading to increased platelet production. 12.2 Pharmacodynamics In clinical trials, treatment with eltrombopag resulted in dose-dependent increases in platelet counts following repeated (daily) dosing. The increase in platelet counts reached a maximum approximately two weeks after the initiation of dosing, and returned to baseline within approximately two weeks after the last dose of eltrombopag.
Indications
- 1 INDICATIONS AND USAGE Eltrombopag is a thrombopoietin receptor agonist indicated: for the treatment of thrombocytopenia in adult and pediatric patients 1 year and older with persistent or chronic immune thrombocytopenia (ITP) who have had an insufficient response to corticosteroids, immunoglobulins, or splenectomy. Eltrombopag tablets should be used only in patients with ITP whose degree of thrombocytopenia and clinical condition increase the risk for bleeding. ( 1.
Common Doses
- 50 mg
- 25 mg
- 75 mg
- 100 mg
Dosage
2 DOSAGE AND ADMINISTRATION Take eltrombopag tablets without a meal or with a meal low in calcium (≤ 50 mg). Take eltrombopag tablets at least 2 hours before or 4 hours after any medications or products containing polyvalent cations, such as antacids, calcium-rich foods, and mineral supplements. ( 2.4 , 7.1 , 12.3 ) Persistent or Chronic ITP: Initiate eltrombopag tablets at 50 mg orally once daily for most adult and pediatric patients 6 years and older, and at 25 mg orally once daily for pediatric patients aged 1 to 5 years.
Black Box Warning
WARNING: RISK FOR HEPATIC DECOMPENSATION IN PATIENTS WITH CHRONIC HEPATITIS C and RISK OF HEPATOTOXICITY In patients with chronic hepatitis C, eltrombopag in combination with interferon and ribavirin may increase the risk of hepatic decompensation [see Warnings and Precautions (5.1) ] . Eltrombopag may increase the risk of severe and potentially life-threatening hepatotoxicity. Monitor hepatic function and discontinue dosing as recommended [see Warnings and Precautions (5.2) ] .
Contraindications
- 4 CONTRAINDICATIONS None. None. ( 4 )
Side Effects
- 6 ADVERSE REACTIONS The following clinically significant adverse reactions associated with eltrombopag are described in other sections. Hepatic Decompensation in Patients with Chronic Hepatitis C [see Warnings and Precautions (5.1) ] Hepatotoxicity [see Warnings and Precautions (5.2) ] Increased Risk of Death and Progression of Myelodysplastic Syndromes to Acute Myeloid Leukemia [see Warnings and Precautions (5.3) ] Thrombotic/Thromboembolic Complications [see Warnings and Precautions (5.4) ] Cataracts [see Warnings and Precautions (5.
Interactions
- 7 DRUG INTERACTIONS 7.1 Polyvalent Cations (Chelation) Eltrombopag chelates polyvalent cations (such as iron, calcium, aluminum, magnesium, selenium, and zinc) in foods, mineral supplements, and antacids. Take eltrombopag tablets at least 2 hours before or 4 hours after any medications or products containing polyvalent cations, such as antacids, dairy products, and mineral supplements to avoid significant reduction in absorption of eltrombopag due to chelation [see Dosage and Administration (2.4) , Clinical Pharmacology (12.3) ] . 7.