Overview
Citicoline is a brain chemical that occurs naturally in the body. As a medicine, it is used to treat stroke, head trauma, and age-related memory loss. It is also used for Parkinson's disease, glaucoma, and other conditions.
Mechanism of Action
Citicoline is a precursor of acetylcholine and phosphatidylcholine. It stabilizes cell membranes, reduces free radical formation, and increases neurotransmitter levels (acetylcholine, dopamine, norepinephrine). It also enhances brain metabolism and neuroprotection.
Indications
- Stroke
- Traumatic brain injury
- Cognitive impairment in elderly
- Parkinson's disease
- Glaucoma
Dosage
Oral: 500-2000 mg daily in divided doses. For stroke: 500-2000 mg/day. For cognitive impairment: 500-1000 mg/day. Intravenous or intramuscular: 500-2000 mg/day. Use as directed by physician.
Contraindications
- Hypersensitivity to citicoline or any component
- Patients with severe renal impairment
Side Effects
- Headache
- Dizziness
- Insomnia
- Nausea
- Diarrhea
- Anorexia
- Hypotension
- Tachycardia
- Allergic reactions
Interactions
- Levodopa: may enhance effects
- Anticholinergic drugs: may reduce effects
- Other CNS stimulants: additive effects